Wiring in thermostat without circuit board

Assuming the blue wire in your thermostat bundle is actually a Y wire, C is likely to be the brown wire that feeds the red wire for the outdoor unit.

This is assuming you have an air conditioner, and that’s not a float switch for a boiler.

Also, the red wire leading to the outdoor unit looks to have a spot where the insulation has rubbed off or split, you should wrap it with electrical tape to prevent a short circuit.
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